DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.11.144072

Authors: Nikolay A. Gorodnyi, Anna A. Fedyunina, Yuri V. Simachev

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of pricing and export diversification on the resilience of Russian manufacturing firms within global value chains (GVCs) during two consecutive shocks: the COVID-19 pandemic and the sanctions of 2022. The research examines how pricing affects firms’ ability to sustain exports in times of crisis and analyzes the role of product and geographic diversification in mitigating disruptions. The findings reveal that market-controlled pricing and export diversification significantly enhance GVC resilience, enabling firms to adapt to disrupted supply chains and shifting market conditions. In contrast, rigid pricing controls, including government interventions, undermine export continuity. Single-product firms demonstrate less resilience to external shocks, highlighting the importance of export diversification in enhancing adaptability within GVCs. This study points out the critical role of flexibility and adaptability in pricing and export diversification for navigating external shocks. It provides useful insights for managers and policymakers, emphasizing the balance between resilience and efficiency in maintaining competitiveness. The results contribute to a broader understanding of GVC resilience, with implications for firms in other emerging economies facing similar challenges.

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DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.10.112848

Authors: Igor V. Fokin, Ivan V. Rozmainsky

Abstract: In this paper, we conducted an empirical study to assess the nature of the relationship between financialization and the level of innovation activity in Russian publicly listed companies. We relied on previous research in this area and on the models proposed by the researchers. In the empirical part, we prepared four models, based on the sample including 245 Russian publicly listed companies and having the observation period from 2000 to 2021. We applied Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Pooled Least Square (PLS) models, as well as panel data models with fixed and random effects. According to our hypotheses, financialization has a negative impact on the level of innovation in firms and its impact is varying for firms with different levels of financial constraints. The results of the study have shown that these hypotheses were partially confirmed. We have been convinced of the negative impact of financialization on innovation activity, however, if financial constraints were taken into account, not all coefficients had an unambiguous interpretation. Our assumptions and the results obtained, which generally confirmed the hypotheses put forward, are based on a theoretical understanding of the role of shareholder value orientation in this process. Confirmation of these assumptions is set as the goal of further research.

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DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.7.58419

Authors: Dmitry S. Tretyakov, Ivan V. Rozmainsky

Abstract: This paper tries to estimate the impact of financialization on fixed investment in Russia. The work is carried out by using panel data based on reports of non-financial publicly listed companies for 1999–2019. The study finds that financial expenses aimed at paying interest on external financing and paying dividends — that is, focusing on shareholder value, and hence decreasing the internal funds of companies, reduce real investments. Financial incomes have shown the crowding-out effect for large companies. Financial incomes as additional “free” funds in large companies are not perceived as an opportunity to accumulate fixed assets. Managers prefer to increase ­financial investments instead of real ones. In small and medium-sized companies, financial incomes, however, drive the growth of physical investment. This is because small firms, at a particular stage in their lives, find it more profitable to invest in their own growth. The results from the general sample, without dividing by size, indicate that financialization in Russia clearly reduces real investment.

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DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.5.38706

Authors: Anna Fedyunina, Yuliya Averyanova

Abstract: The paper explores the relationship between the import of semi-finished products and means of production and the export of high-tech products in Russian manufacturing companies. The key question of the research is whether the export of high-tech products is connected with the import of complex components and semi-finished products. The study confirms that the export of high-tech products is determined by the import of high-tech semi-finished products for the export-intensive Russian manufacturing companies. The research does not find any relationship between the import of equipment and means of production and the export of high-tech products. This has important implications for Russia’s structural policy aimed at expanding exports of high-tech products. First, introducing protectionist measures in relation to the import of foreign components should take place gradually to allow companies to adapt to the new conditions. Secondly, they should proceed selectively in order to allow access of Russian exporters to critical components and means of production that have no Russian counterparts.

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DOI: 10.1016/j.ruje.2016.06.005

Authors: Ichiro Iwasaki, Mathilde Maurel, Bogdan Meunier

Abstract: In this paper, we aim to empirically analyze the determinants of firm entry and exit in Russia using a regional-level panel data for the years of 2008–2014, with special emphasis on institutional failures and the politico-economic impact of external crises. We found that these two elements exhibit statistically significant and economically meaningful effects both on the creation and destruction of Russian firms, controlling for potentially explanatory factors. Our empirical results also suggest that the process of firm entry and exit is manifold across Russian regions due to their heterogeneity. Nevertheless, a surprisingly robust estimate of the world oil price (irrespective of the difference in target regions) suggests a possible high exposure of each Russian region to a global crisis. This comes from the importance of oil trade with the world and, accordingly, the ongoing crisis may bring a harmful influence to regeneration of Russian businesses.

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