Absolute annual average changes in the number of workers per job quintiles by socio-demographic groups, 2000–2012 (thousand persons; job ranking — by average monthly wage in 2007).

 
 
  Part of: Gimpelson V, Kapeliushnikov R (2016) Polarization or upgrading? Evolution of employment in transitional Russia. Russian Journal of Economics 2(2): 192-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ruje.2016.06.004